涉外合同按简繁的不同,尽管可以采取不同书面形式,如确认书(Confirmation)、备忘录(Memorandum)、订单(Order)、正式合同(Contract)、协议书(Agreement)等等,但是一般都包含如下几个部分: 一、合同名称(Title) 二、前文(Preamble) 1. 订约日期和地点 Date and place
用语方面 一、力求严谨,明白无误: · The following documents shall be deemed to form and be read and construed as an integral part of this Contract. 下列文件应被认为、读作、解释为本合同的组成部分; · This Contract can only be altered, amended or supplemented in accordance with documents signed and sealed by authorized representatives of both parties. 本合同只能按照双方授权代表签名盖章的文件进行修改或增补; · All activities of ABC Co. shall be governed by the laws, decrees and pertinent rules and regulations of China. ABC公司的一切活动必须受中国的法律、法令和有关规章条例的管辖。 二、多用主动语态,少用被动语态: · Party B is hereby appointed by Party A as its exclusive sales agent in Singapore. (不宜) 乙方被甲方委托为在新加坡的独家销售代理商; · Party A hereby appoints Party B as its exclusive sales agent in Singapore. (适宜) 甲方委托乙方为在新加坡的独家销售代理商; 叁、多用现在时,少用将来时,尽管很多条款规定的是合同签订以后的事项: · Licensee may terminate this Contract 90 days after a written notice thereof is sent to Licensor upon the happening of one of the following events: 当有下列事件之一发生,被许可人提前90天向许可人发送书面通知后,可以终止合同: 1. Licensor becomes insolvent or a liquidator of Licensor is appointed; 许可人无力偿付债务或其破产清算人以被指定; 2. The patent described in Article 2 is not issued within 30 days from signing this Contract; and 第二条规定的专利未在签约后30天之内发布; 3. Licensor fails to perform its obligations under this Contract. 许可人未能履行其合同义务。 四、直接表达方式用得多,间接表达方式用的较少: · This Article does not apply to bondholders who have not been paid in full. (用得少) 本条款不适用于尚未全部偿付的债券持有者。 · This Article applies only to bondholders who have been paid in full. (用得多) 本条款只适用于已全部偿付的债券持有者。 五、尽量使用一个动词,避免使用“动词+名词+介词”的同意短语: · Party A shall make an appointment of its representative within 30 days after signing the Contract. 甲方应于签约后30天内指派其授权代表。宜用appoint代替 make an appointment of. · Party A will give consideration to Party B's proposal of exclusive agency. 甲方愿意考虑乙方独家代理的建议。宜用consider代替give consideration to. 六、下列特殊用语使用频繁: 1. WHEREAS 鉴于 正式而重要的合同,尤其是英美法系的合同,多用它在前文中引出签约背景和目的,起连词作用: WHEREAS the Employer is desirous that manpower can be rendered available for the construction of High-Rise Residential Complex in Baghdad, Iraq; 鉴于雇主欲请劳动力建造伊拉克巴格达的高层住宅综合大楼; WHEREAS the Contractor is desirous to provide the manpower for the Works; 鉴于承包人想为此工程提供劳动力; 2. WITNESS 证明 在合同前文中常用作首句的谓语动词: This Agreement, made by ... WITNESSES WHEREAS..., it is agreed as follows: 本协议由……签订证明:鉴于……特此达成协议如下: 3. IN WITNESS WHEREOF 作为所协议事项的证据: 该短语常用于合同的结尾条款: IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties have executed this Contract in duplicate by their duly authorized representatives on the date first above written. 作为所协议事项的证据,双方授权代表于上面首次写明的日期正式签订本协议一式两份。 4. IN CONSIDERATION OF 以……为约因/报酬 约因是英美法系的合同有效成立要件之一,没有则合同不能依法强制履行。但是,大陆法系的合同则无此规定。 Now Therefore, in consideration of the premises and the covenants herein, contained, the parties hereto agree as follows: 兹以上述各点和契约所载条款为约因,订约双方协议如下: In consideration of the payment to be made by Party A to Party B, Party B hereby covenants with Party A to complete the building in conformity with the provisions of the Contract. 乙方特此立约向甲方保证按合同规定完成工程建设,以取得甲方所付的报酬。 5. NOW, THEREFORE 兹特 此短语用于WHEREAS条款之后引出具体协议事项的常用开头语,并与其后hereby的结合。如果无HEREAS条款,则本短语可省略: NOW, THEREFORE, it's hereby agreed and understood as follows; 兹特协议和谅解如下: 6. NOW THESE PRESENTS WITNESS 兹特立约为据 本句话也是用于WHEREAS条款之后引出具体协议事项。 PRESENTS = the present writings 是主语,WITNESS是谓语: NOW THESE PRESENTS WITNESS that it is hereby agreed between the parties hereto as follows: 兹特立约为据,并由订约双方协议如下: 7. IN THE PRESENCE OF 见证人 本短语只在有见证人时使用—在订约双方当事人签名的下方由见证人签名作证,一般是相关的律师(Attorney)或公证处(Notary Public): (责任编辑:admin) |